【背包客学堂】户外活动安全保护 - 装备课堂 - 武汉在路上俱乐部

背包客户外 发表于 2014-2-18 17:51:00

<span style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; DISPLAY: inline="inline"!important; FONT: 16px="16px" /28px 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; FLOAT: none; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(68,68,68); WORD-SPACING: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px">       我们在野外活动中，会经常遇到陡峭的冰雪坡、岩壁、湍急的河流、冰雪、岩石裂缝等难以越过的地形。你将如何确保安全的通过？这就需要你初步掌握自我保护和相互保护的技术和方法。 <br style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT: 16px="16px" /28px 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; WORD-WRAP: break-word; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(68,68,68); WORD-SPACING: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px"/><br style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT: 16px="16px" /28px 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; WORD-WRAP: break-word; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(68,68,68); WORD-SPACING: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px"/><span style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; DISPLAY: inline="inline"!important; FONT: 16px="16px" /28px 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; FLOAT: none; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(68,68,68); WORD-SPACING: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px">　　在野外活动必备品中，都需有一根直径8毫米以上的尼龙绳，这条绳索是你和同伴越过困难地段的保障。别小看这条绳索，它不但可以救你自己的命，也可以挽救你同伴的生命。 <br style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT: 16px="16px" /28px 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; WORD-WRAP: break-word; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(68,68,68); WORD-SPACING: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px"/><br style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT: 16px="16px" /28px 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; WORD-WRAP: break-word; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(68,68,68); WORD-SPACING: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px"/><span style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; DISPLAY: inline="inline"!important; FONT: 16px="16px" /28px 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; FLOAT: none; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(68,68,68); WORD-SPACING: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px">　　保护，首先是保护者自己要确保安全。要利用地形、地物，用绳索反自己和固定物（如树木、岩石等）或固定点连接在一起。保护者可采取坐式或立式两面三刀种姿式。 <br style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT: 16px="16px" /28px 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; WORD-WRAP: break-word; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(68,68,68); WORD-SPACING: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px"/><br style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT: 16px="16px" /28px 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; WORD-WRAP: break-word; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(68,68,68); WORD-SPACING: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px"/><span style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; DISPLAY: inline="inline"!important; FONT: 16px="16px" /28px 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; FLOAT: none; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(68,68,68); WORD-SPACING: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px">　　一般保护分为上方保护和下方保护两种方式。上方保护指保护绳索通过被保护者上方的固定物或固定点，保护者在下方进行保护；或保护者在被保护者的上方（如岩顶、冰雪坡的上部）直接进行保护。下方保护指保护绳索通过被保护者下方固定物或固定点进行的保护。 <br style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT: 16px="16px" /28px 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; WORD-WRAP: break-word; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(68,68,68); WORD-SPACING: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px"/><br style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT: 16px="16px" /28px 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; WORD-WRAP: break-word; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(68,68,68); WORD-SPACING: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px"/><span style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; DISPLAY: inline="inline"!important; FONT: 16px="16px" /28px 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; FLOAT: none; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(68,68,68); WORD-SPACING: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px">　　另外，在野外<a style="BORDER-BOTTOM: 0px; BORDER-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT: 16px="16px" /28px 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; WORD-WRAP: break-word; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0) !important; BORDER-TOP: 0px; BORDER-RIGHT: 0px; WORD-SPACING: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px" class="keyword" href="http://www.8264.com/list/224" target="_blank">登山</a><span style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; DISPLAY: inline="inline"!important; FONT: 16px="16px" /28px 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; FLOAT: none; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(68,68,68); WORD-SPACING: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px">、探险活动中经常采用结组保护、一般一个结组为3-4人。通过一条40-50米长的保护绳索连接在一起，在通过困难、危险地段时相互保护通过。一个结组必须要有两个以上有攀登和保护经验的人。如果全是没有经验的初学者，结组保护有时不但不能起到保护作用，反而会造成更大的事故损失。 <br style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT: 16px="16px" /28px 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; WORD-WRAP: break-word; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(68,68,68); WORD-SPACING: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px"/><br style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT: 16px="16px" /28px 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; WORD-WRAP: break-word; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(68,68,68); WORD-SPACING: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px"/><span style="WIDOWS: 2; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; DISPLAY: inline="inline"!important; FONT: 16px="16px" /28px 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; WHITE-SPACE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; FLOAT: none; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(68,68,68); WORD-SPACING: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px">　　在进行岩壁攀登时，有经验的攀登者可采取下方保护方式，即攀登者自己将保护绳索要向上攀登过程中，挂扣在保护支点上，保护者在下方进行保护。对没有经验的攀登者，尽量采用上方保护方式。

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