【背包客学堂】营地生活 - 装备课堂 - 武汉在路上俱乐部

大有作为 发表于 2014-6-16 20:13:00

虽然每一个人<a href="http://bbs.8264.com/forum-24-1.html" class="keyword" target="_blank" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; text-decoration: none; border: 0px; font-size: 16px; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(88, 88, 88) !important;">登山</a>的过程不尽一样，宿营地确有共通点是安全与舒适。不同的攀登路线，营地建设自有不同，对于中海拔山区的中级山行程与高海拔山区的长程纵走路线是不同的选择营地的考量因素自然就不一样。中海拔山区的林木密集，有时可以直接运用防水布绑于树干枝桠搭建一个大型的外帐，个人使用露宿袋就可以一觉到天亮。高海拔山区，棱脊开阔无遮掩，攀登过程必须依赖<a href="http://bbs.8264.com/forum-forumdisplay-fid-7-filter-typeid-typeid-1171.html" class="keyword" target="_blank" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; text-decoration: none; border: 0px; font-size: 16px; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(88, 88, 88) !important;">帐篷</a>，帐篷最好选择双门且内外帐间具进出的缓冲隔间，否则队伍遇恶劣天候，不仅炊事困难，人员营地活动力会降低。 <br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;"/><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;"/>营地选择<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;"/>　　营地最好选择沙地、草地、岩屑地或树林遮风等排水佳的营地，如此就可以不需要挖排水沟，同时可以捡拾一些石头或是利用营地附近的树干替代营钉，远离水源地(如湖边、溪旁…..等)至少10公尺，避免污染水源。帐篷开口门面最好朝东或东南面，如此清晨的阳光比较容易投射到帐篷内，帐篷内才会有增温的效果，同时人员可以直接拉开帐门，观察天气状况。营地尽量不要在棱脊或山顶，万不得已，至少要有避风的小凹槽地。<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;"/><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;"/>　　中低海拔山区的营地最好不要搭建于溪流旁，因为溪谷地形的日夜温差大，夜晚气温相当低，况且很容易出现上游溪水暴涨，人员无法脱身的惊险状况。<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;"/><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;"/>营地建设与管理<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;"/>　　中、高海拔山区宿营遇到不平整的地形可以使用山刀砍一些箭竹，垂直交叉平铺在地，让地表看起来平整，再搭帐篷。人员利用营柱支撑帐篷后，必须先进入帐内检查地面是否有凸起物，如小石块、凹凸不平的地面、小树干等，都逐一必须清除，确定地面平整，然后才扎营钉与固定营绳，最后再把<a href="http://bbs.8264.com/forum-forumdisplay-fid-7-filter-typeid-typeid-1185.html" class="keyword" target="_blank" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; text-decoration: none; border: 0px; font-size: 16px; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(88, 88, 88) !important;">背包</a>置入帐篷内。<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;"/><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;"/>　　装满水的<a href="http://bbs.8264.com/forum-forumdisplay-fid-7-filter-typeid-typeid-1177.html" class="keyword" target="_blank" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; text-decoration: none; border: 0px; font-size: 16px; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(88, 88, 88) !important;">水袋</a>最好平放或吊起来，水袋平放地面必须注意地面是否有尖锐的凸起物，如箭竹、石头或树枝，避免水袋被戳破。日夜温差大的夜晚，水袋最好置于营帐内或改用宝特瓶装水，因为水袋很容易结冰而破裂，行前一定要检查水袋是否有破洞，避免措手不及，无水瓶装水。<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;"/><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;"/>　　高山活动期间最好携带一些报纸，恶劣天候，宿营期间，潮湿的<a href="http://bbs.8264.com/forum-forumdisplay-fid-7-filter-typeid-typeid-1182.html" class="keyword" target="_blank" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; text-decoration: none; border: 0px; font-size: 16px; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(88, 88, 88) !important;">登山靴</a>可以塞入报纸吸湿；人员进出频繁的内帐门底部最好铺报纸，擦拭脚底，所有的潮湿衣物最好先置于内外帐间，可以维持帐篷内部干爽与洁净；帐篷用餐最好先铺报纸，再摆餐具，避免菜肴污染帐篷内的起居空间。<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;"/><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;"/>　　宿营期间，如果背包放置于营帐外，必须要关紧背包的各种缝隙，并覆盖背包套，避免小型动物盗粮与夜晚的露水沾湿背包。<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;"/><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;"/>　　登山过程偶而会遇到恶劣天候，帐篷顶最好系一条细麻绳可以悬挂衣物，同时此绳的耐高温程度必须承受瓦斯灯传导的热能，如此才能利用瓦斯灯散发的热能烘干衣物。<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;"/><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;"/>营地炊事<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;"/>　　高山长程纵走通常比较会计较全队的背负总重量，中级山采行的搭建炊事帐，比较不适合高山活动，高山长程纵走最好采行帐篷内炊事，重点是运用内外帐间的空间。非雪期的高山纵走活动习惯于帐篷内炊事的队员，有助于雪期训练的营地生活。<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;"/><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;"/> <div class="fxwzcon clear_b="clear_b"bdsharebuttonbox="bdsharebuttonbox"bdshare-button-style0-32" data-tag="share_1" data-bd-bind="1402920568180" style="margin: 0px; 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大有作为 发表于 2014-6-16 20:13:00

炊事的方式是两顶帐篷的外帐紧靠一起，以两至三顶帐篷为一个小单位，采行共同炊事的方式，因为两顶帐篷的人数约六至八人，背负公家粮食与器具比较划算，若是以单一帐篷为炊事单位，对于6人以上的队伍而言，比较不经济，当两顶帐篷合并炊事，炊事速度比较快，只要一位坐于帐门，其它人可以于帮忙其它事，进出也是利用另外一个帐门，目前许多帐篷都有设计双门，且内外帐间多一个玄关的空间，如此炊事不会受到恶裂天候影响，如果炊事移到内帐很容易出现踢翻刚煮沸的食物而出线烫伤的不幸事件。<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;"/><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;"/>　　内帐的起居空间避免进行炊事活动，因为帐篷对火的抵抗力相当脆弱，尤其是内部充满各种易燃品，如夹克，<a href="http://bbs.8264.com/forum-forumdisplay-fid-7-filter-typeid-typeid-1172.html" class="keyword" target="_blank" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; text-decoration: none; border: 0px; font-size: 16px; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(88, 88, 88) !important;">睡袋</a>...等衣物，最好是在内外帐间炊事。若不可避免必须在帐篷内炊事，最好使用瓦斯炉，去渍油炉与煤油炉，这两种炉具预热过程火源不稳定与熄火会有刺鼻的味道，内帐充满刺激令人窒息的味道。炊事结束必须将炉具移出帐篷外，避免内帐充满刺激令人窒息的味道。<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;"/>　　炊事期间，帐篷的内帐所有的门窗须完全打开，加强通风效果，避免湿气汇聚于内帐内壁，同时炉具预热期间必须防止火焰无法控制，帐篷内的非炊事人员的活动速度必须减缓，避免打翻物品或菜肴。 <br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;"/><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;"/>废弃物处理<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;"/>　　攀登活动出发前最好将无用的食品外包装降到最低，如此活动期间的废弃物量就相对很低。选用垃圾袋的大小是以能置入背包内为佳，对于短天数的登山活动，最好是全部携下山，而多天数的登山活动，宿营期间，废弃物最好做好垃圾分类，将废弃物区分为可燃、不可燃与易腐化等三大部分。不可燃的垃圾以空罐头为主，而使用量最大的瓦斯罐与燃料瓶最好原物带回，不要置入不可燃的垃圾袋，否则容易造成废弃物不易携带。易腐化的食品以菜肴为主，最好挖洞埋入土堆，个人排泄物亦是如此。<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;"/><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; font-size: 16px; line-height: 28px;"/>　　山区清洗餐具最好不要用化工产品的清洁济，加热饮用过的茶叶、茶渣，辅以餐巾纸就可以把餐具清洗干净。<div class="artPage clear_b" style="margin: 20px="20px"auto="auto"0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; border: 0px; font-size: 16px; zoom: 1; text-align: center; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti; line-height: 28px;"></div><div class="fxwzcon clear_b="clear_b"bdsharebuttonbox="bdsharebuttonbox"bdshare-button-style0-32" data-tag="share_1" data-bd-bind="1402920568180" style="margin: 0px; padding: 36px="36px"0px="0px"36px="36px"198px; word-wrap: break-word; border: 0px; font-size: 0px; zoom: 1; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"GB', STHeiti;"></div>

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