<p><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 14px; FONT-VARIANT: normal; WHITE-SPACE: normal; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; WORD-SPACING: 0px; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: rgb(68,68,68); FONT-STYLE: normal; WIDOWS: 1; LETTER-SPACING: normal; LINE-HEIGHT: 21px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px" face="宋体"><strong style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-WEIGHT: 700"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px">全身冻伤临床表现：开始时皮肤苍白冰凉。复温后面部有水肿、寒战。随体温逐渐降低，患者感觉麻木、四肢无力、极度疲倦、神志恍惚出现幻觉。检查发现，呼吸慢而浅，心跳过缓，最终昏迷。严重时心跳、呼吸停止。</font></font><br style="WORD-WRAP: break-word"/><br style="WORD-WRAP: break-word"/><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px">全身冻伤侵害的位置：一般都伤及内脏。骨骼、肌肉、肝脏、肾脏、胰腺。可引起：心室纤颤（心跳200—400/分钟，一般如此跳动1—2分钟人就会死亡）、胃粘膜出血。恢复期，可有血栓形成和组织缺血坏死。</font></font><br style="WORD-WRAP: break-word"/><br style="WORD-WRAP: break-word"/><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px">全身性冻伤紧急处理办法：全身保暖，迅速妥善将伤者移至温暖环境，脱掉衣服，盖被子。用布或衣物裹热水袋，水壶等，放在腋下，腹股沟处迅速升温。或浸泡在34—35度水中5—10分钟，然后将浸泡水温提高到40—42度，待伤者出现有规律的呼吸后停止加温。伤者意识存在后可饮用热饮料或少量酒。猝死时立即心肺复苏。</font></font><br style="WORD-WRAP: break-word"/></strong></font><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 14px; FONT-VARIANT: normal; WHITE-SPACE: normal; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; WORD-SPACING: 0px; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: rgb(68,68,68); FONT-STYLE: normal; WIDOWS: 1; LETTER-SPACING: normal; LINE-HEIGHT: 21px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px" face="宋体"><strong style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-WEIGHT: 700"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ccffff">二、冻伤的野外救护措施：</font></font><br style="WORD-WRAP: break-word"/><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px">原则：尽快使伤者脱离低温环境，保暖，妥善转移至温暖环境。</font></font><br style="WORD-WRAP: break-word"/><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px">(1)一度冻伤时，可让自己主动活动，并按摩受冻部位促进血液循环。可用温水（不能太烫）浸泡，擦干后再涂上冻疮膏。</font></font></strong></font></p>
<p><strong style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; WHITE-SPACE: normal; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; WORD-SPACING: 0px; COLOR: rgb(68,68,68); FONT: 700="700"14px="14px" /21px 宋体; WIDOWS: 1; LETTER-SPACING: normal; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px">(2)二度以上冻伤时，应尽快脱离低温环境，保暖，促进肢体复温，严禁火烤，雪搓，冷水浸泡或用力捶打伤者患部，否则会加重冻伤。</font></font><br style="WORD-WRAP: break-word"/><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px">(3)二度以上冻伤的水疱可在消毒后刺透，使疱液流出再包扎（但疱皮不要轻易撕掉）。</font></font><br style="WORD-WRAP: break-word"/><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px">(4)多喝热饮料（姜糖水、感冒冲剂），有利于驱寒防感冒；如有局部疼痛，可口服2片去痛片有助于缓解疼痛。</font></font><br style="WORD-WRAP: break-word"/><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px">(5)冻伤者应当换下已经潮湿的衣物，用羽绒睡袋或者被子裹住保暖。</font></font><br style="WORD-WRAP: break-word"/><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px">(6)确保伤处干燥（包括脚丫间）。有创面的用消毒棉花，无创面的用干净、松软的棉垫子包裹保护伤处并保温。</font></font><br style="WORD-WRAP: break-word"/><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px">冻伤急救时，若一时无法获得温水，可将冻伤部位置于救护者的怀中或腋下逐渐复温。注意冻伤后不可直接用火烤，冻伤部位应尽可能缓慢地使之温暖而恢复正常体温。切忌直接用雪团搓搽患部及用毛巾用力按摩，那样容易使伤口糜烂，患处不易愈合。对于已复温的患处，不能再用温热水浸泡，否则会加重组织损伤和坏死。</font></font></strong></p>
<p><strong style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; WHITE-SPACE: normal; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; WORD-SPACING: 0px; COLOR: rgb(68,68,68); FONT: 700="700"14px="14px" /21px 宋体; WIDOWS: 1; LETTER-SPACING: normal; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ccffff">三、常备药品：</font></font><br style="WORD-WRAP: break-word"/><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px">外用物品：冻疮膏（2支/人）、消毒棉垫（1包/人）、纱布（20张/包/人）、绷带（1个）。</font></font><br style="WORD-WRAP: break-word"/><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px">内服药物：感冒冲剂、姜糖水、去痛片</font></font><br style="WORD-WRAP: break-word"/><font style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ccffff"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px">四、预防冻伤口诀：</font></font><br style="WORD-WRAP: break-word"/></font><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px">衣着温暖少暴露，</font></font><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px">（衣着温暖不透风、尽量减少暴露在寒冷中的身体部位）</font></font><br style="WORD-WRAP: break-word"/><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px">保持干燥太重要，</font></font><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px">（随时保持衣着鞋袜的干燥，如有浸湿及时更换）</font></font><br style="WORD-WRAP: break-word"/><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px">严寒当中常活动，</font></font><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px">（避免长时间久蹲、久站，随时注意活动躯体四肢）</font></font><br style="WORD-WRAP: break-word"/><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px">热饮热食忌杜康。</font></font><br style="WORD-WRAP: break-word"/><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px">（饮用热水或热的姜糖水、感冒冲剂，食用高热量的肉蛋食物。饮酒则易导致皮肤上的毛细血管正在张开，身体热量向外散发流失。）</font></font><br style="WORD-WRAP: break-word"/><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ccffff">五、预防冻伤的“三不”与“三勤”</font></font><br style="WORD-WRAP: break-word"/><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px">“三不”</font></font><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px">一不：不穿潮湿，过紧的鞋袜；</font></font><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px">二不：不长时间的静止不动；</font></font><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px">三不：不在无准备情况下单独登山。</font></font><br style="WORD-WRAP: break-word"/><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px">“三勤”</font></font><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px">一勤：勤活动手脚；</font></font><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px">二勤：勤搓颜面；</font></font><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px">三勤：勤用热水烫脚。</font></font><br style="WORD-WRAP: break-word"/><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ccffff">六、冻伤小贴士：</font></font><br style="WORD-WRAP: break-word"/><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 16px">为什么在山上的时候不能喝酒？一般饮酒之后两小时才能产生热量。饮酒后马上感觉到的热，实际是皮肤上的毛细血管正在张开，身体本身所具有的热量正在向外部散发流失。这样一来只能加重冻伤，因此上山的时候禁止饮酒。</font></font></strong></p>
<p><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 14px; FONT-VARIANT: normal; WHITE-SPACE: normal; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; WORD-SPACING: 0px; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: rgb(68,68,68); FONT-STYLE: normal; WIDOWS: 1; LETTER-SPACING: normal; LINE-HEIGHT: 21px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px" face="宋体"><strong style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-WEIGHT: 700"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" size="3"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000000">原标题：</font></font></strong></font><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-SIZE: 14px; FONT-VARIANT: normal; WHITE-SPACE: normal; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; WORD-SPACING: 0px; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: rgb(68,68,68); FONT-STYLE: normal; WIDOWS: 1; LETTER-SPACING: normal; LINE-HEIGHT: 21px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px" face="宋体"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" size="3"><font style="WORD-WRAP: break-word" color="#000000"><strong style="WORD-WRAP: break-word; FONT-WEIGHT: 700">赴日登山被困冻伤 面对冻伤的正确做法有哪些？</strong></font></font></font></p>
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