【背包客学堂】野外用火及灭火的方法

大有作为

<p style="margin-bottom: 15px; word-wrap: break-word; border: 0px; font-size: 16px;">在参加野外活动时，由于吸烟、使用炉具不当，烘烤衣物或用蜡烛照明等原因，容易引燃周围的草地、树木或其它设备，而发生火灾，造成事故。</p><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; word-wrap: break-word; border: 0px; font-size: 16px;">　　一般发生火灾事故，大多数是因思想麻痹，用火不慎造成的。因此我们在野外用火时，必须提高用火安全意识，注意以下几点：</p><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; word-wrap: break-word; border: 0px; font-size: 16px;">　　一、在野外点<a href="http://www.8264.com/pinpai-1133080" class="keyword" target="_blank" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; text-decoration: none; border: 0px; color: rgb(88, 88, 88) !important;">篝火</a>或用炉具野炊时，必须要随时有专人看管和负责，一旦使用完毕，要马上用水将火源彻底浇灭和用沙土盖灭。并挖土掩埋，防止死灰复燃而酿成火灾。</p><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; word-wrap: break-word; border: 0px; font-size: 16px;">　　二、用炉具或建炉灶时，应选择避风和距水源较近地方，并准备一桶水。以防万一发生火灾时取水灭火方便。</p><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; word-wrap: break-word; border: 0px; font-size: 16px;">　　三、在草木较多的地方，必须用火时，应将周围的草木清理干净，并在四周开出2米左右的防火道，以免火星飞溅出去，引然周围的草木。</p><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; word-wrap: break-word; border: 0px; font-size: 16px;">　　四、如风力较强时，应训练在避风的沟、坎下面点火，或修建防风墙，以免强风吹散火堆，或将火苗吹出引起火灾。</p><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; word-wrap: break-word; border: 0px; font-size: 16px;">　　在山区或林区吸烟时，应准备一个空罐头盒，将烟灰、烟头全部放进空罐头盒内，用水或沙土浇灭，挖坑掩埋或带走。</p><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; word-wrap: break-word; border: 0px; font-size: 16px;">　　出去一旦不慎使周围的草木点燃，发生了火灾，不要慌张，如距水源较近，取水方便，迅速用水向起火处喷洒，降低温度灭火，这是最基本的灭火方法。</p><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; word-wrap: break-word; border: 0px; font-size: 16px;">　　如周围没有可可用的水源，用麻袋、衣服和沙土等将燃烧物盖住，使燃烧物得不到氧气供应而熄灭。</p><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; word-wrap: break-word; border: 0px; font-size: 16px;">　　由于燃烧面积较大，小规模救火措施已无济于事时，为设法阻止火灾造成的损失过大，应顺风跑出一段距离，在大火烧到之前，除去草木等可燃物，开出一条放火隔离带，使火烧到这里后，因没有能着的东西而自动熄灭。</p><div class="artPage clear_b" style="margin: 20px="20px"  auto="auto"  0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; border: 0px; font-size: 16px; zoom: 1; text-align: center;"></div><div class="fxwzcon clear_b="clear_b"  bdsharebuttonbox="bdsharebuttonbox"  bdshare-button-style0-32" data-tag="share_1" data-bd-bind="1401440207697" style="margin: 0px; padding: 36px="36px"  0px="0px"  36px="36px"  198px; word-wrap: break-word; border: 0px; font-size: 0px; zoom: 1;"><a class="sinaicon44" data-cmd="tsina" title="分享到新浪微博" style="margin: 0px="0px"  10px="10px"  0px="0px"  0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); border: 0px; float: left; width: 44px; line-height: 32px; height: 44px; background-image: url(http://www.8264.com/static/images/portal/fxbutton.jpg); cursor: pointer; overflow: hidden; display: inline; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"  GB', STHeiti; background-position: 0px="0px"  0px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat;"></a><a class="kjicon44" data-cmd="qzone" title="分享到QQ空间" style="margin: 0px="0px"  10px="10px"  0px="0px"  0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); border: 0px; float: left; width: 44px; line-height: 32px; height: 44px; background-image: url(http://www.8264.com/static/images/portal/fxbutton.jpg); cursor: pointer; overflow: hidden; display: inline; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"  GB', STHeiti; background-position: 0px="0px"  -90px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat;"></a><a class="txicon44" data-cmd="tqq" title="分享到腾讯微博" style="margin: 0px="0px"  10px="10px"  0px="0px"  0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); border: 0px; float: left; width: 44px; line-height: 32px; height: 44px; background-image: url(http://www.8264.com/static/images/portal/fxbutton.jpg); cursor: pointer; overflow: hidden; display: inline; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei', 'Helvetica Neue', 'Luxi Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Hiragino Sans="Sans"  GB', STHeiti; background-position: 0px="0px"  -180px; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat;"></a></div>